Plow and Cyrus Essay

John Deeres Steel-Tipped Plow and Cyrus McCormickss windup(prenominal) Reaper Deere invented a steel-tipped plow that halved the labor to clear acres to till. wood for housing and fencing was available in nearby woods, and settlements circle rapidly. McCormick authentic the mechanical reaper which harvested grain seven times faster than tralatitious methods with half the work force and guaranteed that wheat would dominate the Midwestern prairies.the Statesn System of Manufacturing, or Interchangeable Parts Europeans had started to refer to manufacture by interchangeable vocalisms as the American System of Manufacturing. The system had many a(prenominal) advantages. Traditionally, damage to any part of something ruined the whole thing and no new part would fit. With interchangeable parts, however, replacement parts could be obtained and pack production excessively occurred. Samuel F. B. Morse Morse was an American inventor. He contri exclusivelyed to the cheat of a whole ness-wire telegraph system bases on European telegraphs. He was also co-inventor of the Morse code, and also an accomplished painter.Catharine Beecher, A Treatise on Domestic thriftiness In her widely normal Treatise on Domestic Economy, Beecher told women that technological advances do it their duty to make every house a glorious synagogue by utilizing space more efficiently. Contagion theory versus Miasma Theory The inability of physicians to explain the diseases light-emitting diode to these theories. No one understood that bacteria cause cholera and yellow fever. The contagion theory was that epidemic diseases were spread by touch, whereas the miasmas theory was it resulted from air carried gases from rotten vegetation or d.o.a. animals.But neither theory worked. Crawford Long and William T. G. Morton Long employed sulphuric ether during a surgical operation. Long failed to follow up on his discovery, but four years freshr, Morton, a dentist, successfully employed sul furic ether during an operation at MA General Hospital in Boston. Within a few years, ether came into wide use in American surgery. Hydropathy Hydropathy was known as the water cure, which filtered into the coupled States from Europe. By the mid-1850s the United States had twenty-seven hydropathic sanatoriums, which used cold baths and implike packs.It helped relieve the pain associated with childbirth and menstruation. Sylvester Graham Graham propounded a wellness system that anyone could adopt. Alarmed by the cholera epidemic, Graham counseled changes in dies and feed as well as total abstinence from alcohol. Soon, he added internal excess to his list of forbidden indulgences. Phrenology The belief that each person was get of his or her own destiny underlay not only evangelical religion and popular health movements but also the most popular of the antebellum scientific fads phrenology.It rested on the idea that the human estimate comprised thirty-seven distinct organs, e ach located in the different part of the brain. James Gordon Bennett, the unsanded York Herald, and the Penny Press Bennett applied new applied science to introduce the penny press. Newspapers could now rely on vast circulations sort of than on political subsidies to turn a profit. The New York Sun became Americas archetypical penny newspaper, and Bennetts New York Herald followed in 1835. Horace Greeley and the New York Tribune Greeleys New York Tribune pioneered modern financial and political reporting.The tenacious snooping of the Tribunes Washington reporters outrages politicians. In 1848, Tribune correspondents were temporarily barred from the House groundwork for reporting about Representative Sawyer of Ohio. Astor Place Riot In 1849, a long-running feud betwixt the leading American actor, Edwin Forrest, and popular British actor William Macready ended with the Astor Place riot in New York City, which left(p) twenty-two people dead. This riot demonstrated the broad popularity of the theater.Minstrel Shows These shows arose in northern cities when white men in blackface took to the stage to present and even out of songs, dances, and humorous sketches. Minstrelsy borrowed some authentic elements of African-American culture, especially dances. P. T. Barnum and the American Museum Barnum purchased a run-down museum in NYC, rechristened it the American Museum, and opened a new chapter in the history of popular entertainment. The founders of earlier museums had educational purposes. Barnum, in contrast, made motherfucker public curiosity the main goal.Washington Irving When British questioned Who ever reads an American book? , Americans responded by pointing to Irving, whose Sketch Book contained two storied stories, sever Van Winkle and The Legend of Sleepy Hollow. Naming hotels and steamboats after Irving, Americans steamed him in applause, but they had to concede that Irving had done much of his best piece of paper while living in Engl and. James Fenimore Cooper Cooper was the first important figure in this literary upsurge. His most significant concept was to introduce a distinctively American fictional character, the frontiersman raffish Bumppo.Edgar Allan Poe Poe wrote both fictional and poetry and was a major contributor to the American Renaissance. He set several of his short stories in Europe as one critic has noted, His art could have been produced as easily had he been born in Europe. American Renaissance The Renaissance was a peak of literature. In 1800, American authors accounted for a negligible proportion of the output of American publishers. By 1830, 40 percent of the books published in the United States were compose by Americans by 1850 this had increased to 75 percent.Not only were Americans writing more books increasingly, they sought to depict the features of their nation in literature and art. hydrogen David Thoreau Thoreau was representative of the noveler Emersonians. He was more of a doer and was chivalrous in action. At one point, he went to jail rather than to redeem his poll tax. This revenue, he knew, would support the war in Mexico, which he viewed as part of a southern conspiracy to extend slavery. The experience led Thoreau to write Civil Disobedience in which he defended a citizens right to disobey unjust laws.Ralph Waldo Emerson and The American Scholar Emerson emerged in the late 1830s as the most influential spokesman for American literary nationalism. He announced his address The American Scholar. The time had come for Americans to trust themselves. Let the single man plant himself indomitably on his instincts and there abide, he proclaimed. Transcendentalism Its a philosophical movement that developed in the 1830s and 1840s in the eastern region of the United States as a protest to the general dry land of culture and friendship.Among their core beliefs was the inherent goodness of both man and nature. They believed that society and its ins titutions ultimately corrupted the purity of the individual. Margaret Fuller Her status as an mind woman distanced her from conventional society. Disappointed that his first child was not a boy, her Harvard educated father determined to give Margaret the sort of education young men would have acquired at Harvard. Fuller turned transcendentalism into an production line of sorts. Nathaniel Hawthorne Hawthorne was a major contributor to the American Renaissance.He wrote the famous novel, The Scarlett letter along with The House of the Seven Gables and The Marble Faun in Rome. He treat Emersons call to write about everyday experiences of their fellow Americans. Ironically, their doctrine that the lives of ordinary Americans provided inadequate materials for fiction led them to create a unequivocally American fiction marked less by the description of the mixed social relationships of ordinary life than by the analysis or clean-living dilemmas and psychological states.Walt Whitman Self-taught and in love with virtually everything about America take out slavery, Whitman left school at eleven and became a printers apprentice and later a journalist and editor for various newspapers in Brooklyn, Manhattan, and New Orleans. A familiar figure at Democratic company functions, he marched in party parades and put his pen to the service of its antislavery wing. Herman Melville Melville was some other key contributor to the American Renaissance who primarily wrote fiction.He did bring in materials and themes from his own experiences as a sailor and from the lore of the New England whaling industry, but for his novels, be picked the exotic setting of islands in the South Seas. He wrote the famous Moby-Dick. Thomas Cole, Asher Durand, Frederic Church, and the Hudson River School The Hudson River School flourished from the 1820s to the 1870s. Cole, Durand, and Church best represented more than fifty painters. They painted scenes of the region around the Hudson River, a waterway that Americans compared in majesty to the Rhine.Lyceums This is a category of educational institution defined inwardly the education system of many countries, mainly in Europe. The definition varies between countries usually it is a type of secondary school. Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux In 1858, New York City chose a plan drawn by Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux for its proposed profound Park. Olmstead eventually became the lays chief architect. They both wanted the park to look as much like the countryside as possible, showing zippo of the surrounding city.